LAGOS Doctor, FOLASADE ALLI Tells City People
When we think about health issues affecting women, heart disease might not be the first thing that comes to mind. However, it’s time to change that perception. Heart disease is often thought of as a “man’s problem” but the reality is that it’s the leading cause of death for both men and women worldwide. In this article, we’ll delve into the unique aspects of heart disease in women, how to recognize the signs, and most importantly, how to prevent it.
THE GENDER GAP IN HEART DISEASE
For decades, heart disease has been primarily studied and associated with men. Consequently, many women may not realize they are at risk. However, heart disease affects women differently, and it’s crucial to understand these gender-specific factors:
- Symptom Variation: Women often experience different heart attack symptoms than men. While chest pain is a common symptom for both genders, women are more likely to report symptoms like shortness of breath, fatigue, nausea, and pain in the neck, jaw, or back.
- Hormonal Influence: Hormonal changes during a woman’s life, such as those associated with pregnancy and menopause, can impact heart health. Conditions like gestational diabetes and preeclampsia can increase heart disease risk later in life.
- Underdiagnosis: Women may be underdiagnosed and undertreated for heart disease due to a misconception that it primarily affects men. This delay in diagnosis can lead to more severe consequences.
RISK FACTORS
FOR WOMEN
Understanding the risk factors specific to women is crucial in preventing heart disease.
- Menopause: The decline in estrogen levels during menopause can contribute to an increased risk of heart disease. Hormone replacement therapy may be considered for some women, but it’s essential to discuss the risks and benefits with a healthcare provider.
- Pregnancy-Related Conditions: Gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and high blood pressure during pregnancy are warning signs. Women who experience these conditions should be vigilant about heart health later in life.
This common hormonal disorder can increase the risk of high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity, all of which are risk factors for heart disease.
PREVENTION AND HEART-HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
Fortunately, many of the risk factors for heart disease in women can be managed or prevented through lifestyle changes:
- Healthy Diet: A heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and low in saturated and trans fats can reduce the risk of heart disease.
- Regular Exercise: Physical activity is vital for heart health. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week.
- Stress Management: Chronic stress can take a toll on your heart. Practice stress-reduction techniques like meditation or deep breathing exercises.
- Quit Smoking: Smoking is a significant risk factor for heart disease.
- Regular Check-up: Having your regular health screening is extremely important. Knowledge is power and issues known early enough are better treated. Furthermore, this should matter even more if there is a family history of heart disease.
Heart disease is not a gender-specific issue—it affects women as much as men, if not more. Recognizing the unique risk factors and symptoms in women is essential for early detection and prevention. By making heart-healthy choices, managing risk factors, and seeking medical attention when needed, women can take control of their heart health and reduce the impact of this silent killer. Ladies, your hearts are precious; let’s protect them together.
By Dr. Folasade Alli
Adult Cardiologist and Chief of Cardiology at Lagos Executive Cardiovascular Centre in Lekki Phase I, Lagos.
